Fasteners, wanda aka fi sani da sukurori da goro, sassa ne na injiniya na asali, waɗanda aka sani da “shinkafa na masana’antu”, kama daga manyan jirage masu saukar ungulu, motoci da kayan inji zuwa tebura, kujeru da benci.Masana'antar masana'antu ce mai fa'ida mai ƙwazo, babban jari da masana'antu dabarun fasaha, kuma ƙasashe a duk faɗin duniya suna ba da mahimmancin ci gabanta.Bayan shekaru na ci gaba, kasar Sin ta ci gaba da zama babbar kasa mafi girma a duniya wajen kera kayan aikin.An ba da rahoton cewa, akwai kusan kamfanonin samar da kayayyaki da na kasuwanci na kasar Sin kusan 10000, wadanda ke da ma'aikata sama da miliyan 1, wadanda ke ba da babbar gudummawa wajen samar da aikin yi.Na gida carbon karfe fasteners aka yafi amfani a mota masana'antu, lantarki kayayyakin, lantarki kayan aiki, inji kayan aiki, yi da kuma general masana'antu dalilai.Daga ra'ayi na yankunan samar da kasa, masana'antar fastener a Wenzhou, Yongnian da Haiyan suna da mafi girman sikeli da halaye.
1. "Babban babban birni" Hebei Yongnian
Overview: bayan fiye da shekaru 30 na ci gaba, Yongnian yana da fiye da 2300 samar Enterprises, a hankali kafa wani masana'antu gungu da kuma babbar kasuwa cibiyar sadarwa.A halin yanzu, kamfanoni 87 a cikin gundumar sun wuce ISO: 2000 na tsarin ingancin tsarin duniya.A shekarar da ta gabata, jarin da aka zuba wajen sabunta kayan aikin ya zarce yuan miliyan 200, yawan na'urorin da ake fitarwa a duk shekara ya kai tan miliyan 2.47, adadin tallace-tallace ya kai yuan biliyan 17.3, yawan samarwa da tallace-tallace ya kai kashi 40% na kason kasuwar kasar.A baya-bayan nan, an gabatar da na'urori masu inganci na Sin da Jamus tare da zuba jarin Yuan miliyan 400, kasar Sin SCRW ta duniya da ta zuba jarin Yuan miliyan 380, da kuma aikin gina gine-gine mai karfin gaske tare da zuba jarin Yuan biliyan 10.7.Aikin ya kawo karshen dogaro da dogon lokaci da kasar Sin ta yi kan shigo da kayayyaki masu inganci a wannan fanni.
Abũbuwan amfãni: yawan tallace-tallace yana lissafin kusan rabin rabon ƙasa, yana samar da fa'ida mai kyau na yanki.Bugu da kari, karamar hukumar tana da ingantattun tsare-tsare masu goyan baya ga masana'antar hada-hadar a kowace shekara.
Rashin hasara: a cikin irin wannan babban ma'auni na masana'antu, tsarin masana'antu ba shi da jagora, samfurin gasa ba shi da ƙarfi, kuma akwai rashin haɗin kai tsakanin kamfanoni, don haka babu "murya" a cikin ƙimar farashin sayan kayan aiki da samfurin. tallace-tallace.
2. "Garin masu ɗaure" Zhejiang Haiyan
Akwai sama da 700 daidaitattun masana'anta a cikin gundumar Haiyan, gami da kamfanoni sama da 100 sama da Tsararren Girman, waɗanda galibi ke samar da nau'ikan madaidaitan daidaitattun nau'ikan 14000, dunƙule kwayoyi, sukurori da tsayin sanda mai ƙarfi.A shekara ta 2006, yawan na'urorin da aka yi amfani da su a gundumomin sun zarce tan miliyan 1, wanda ya kai kusan kashi 22% na yawan adadin tattalin arzikin lardin, kuma kudaden shiga na tallace-tallace ya kai yuan biliyan 4.Daga cikinsu, an fitar da kashi 70% zuwa kasashen waje, kuma kusan dalar Amurka miliyan 200 ne aka fitar da kansu zuwa kasashen ketare, daga cikinsu, yawan goro ya kai kashi 50 cikin 100 na lardin Zhejiang, sannan adadin dogayen dunkulallun da ake fitarwa da fitar da su ya zama na farko a kasar Sin.
Abũbuwan amfãni: manyan kamfanoni sun taru.A halin yanzu, masana'antar Jinyi, wani katafaren kayan aikin gida, yana cikin birnin Haiyan na lardin Zhejiang.Manyan masana'antu sau da yawa suna taka rawar gani wajen haifar da saurin bunƙasa kanana da matsakaitan masana'antu.Bugu da kari, da goyon bayan jama'a sabis dandali alaka da fastener masana'antu ne cikakke, ciki har da kasa fastener ƙwararrun kasuwa, kasa fastener gwajin cibiyar da fastener surface Cibiyar sarrafawa ta kafa wani in mun gwada da cikakken masana'antu sarkar daga albarkatun kasa wadata, samfurin samar da kayan aiki masana'antu. .
Lalacewa: Rahoton bincike mai inganci daga sassa daban-daban na kasar ya nuna cewa kamfanonin Haiyan fastener sun fi fuskantar matsaloli kamar rashin inganci.Bugu da kari, yawancin masana'antu sun dogara da kasuwancin waje don oda, kuma tsarin kasuwa bai zama ɗaya ba.Idan yanayin tattalin arziƙin ƙasashen waje ya yi ƙamari, masana'antar Haiyan fastener ma za ta fi shafa.
3. Wenzhou fastener masana'antu
Masana'antar ta Wenzhou ta fara ne a cikin 1970s kuma ta sami ci gaba kusan shekaru 30.Akwai sama da na'urori 3000 da masana'antu na sama da na ƙasa a Wenzhou.Har yanzu akwai adadi mai yawa na masana'antu a cikin nau'ikan bita na iyali da shagunan uwa da pop.Bugu da kari, akwai gidaje kusan 10000 masu aiki da aka rarraba a duk fadin kasar.An samu ci gaba cikin sauri a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, ciki har da kamfanoni sama da 200 na manyan kamfanoni da manyan masana'antu da ake fitar da su a duk shekara, adadin kayayyakin da ake fitarwa a shekara ya kai kusan yuan biliyan 10, wanda ya kai kusan kashi 30% na kasuwar kasar.
Hasara: a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, farashin filaye a Wenzhou ya yi tashin gwauron zabi.Ga kamfanonin da ke da yawan gurɓataccen gurɓataccen ruwa da yawan amfani da makamashi kamar masana'antar faɗuwa, kulawa da tallafin gwamnati ba su da ƙarfi sosai.An tilasta wa yawancin masana'antar fastener ficewa, kuma adadin kamfanonin fastener a Wenzhou ma ya ragu sosai.
Abũbuwan amfãni: Wenzhou fastener masana'antu fara da farko a cikin uku tushe masana'antu.Shekaru da yawa na tarawa da jerin matsalolin da aka fuskanta a cikin 'yan shekarun nan sun sa kamfanonin Wenzhou fastener su san mahimmancin alama da hoto.A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, hoton waje na masana'antar Wenzhou fastener ya kiyaye kyakkyawan yanayi.
Lokacin aikawa: Oktoba-12-2021